When Do We Resort to Surgery for Anal Fistulas?

An anal fistula is one of the most bothersome anal conditions, not only because of the pain but also because it's not the kind of problem that goes away on its own; it requires real medical treatment. However, the question patients constantly ask is: Does my condition require surgical intervention? And are there non-surgical solutions?

In this article, we'll simply explain what a fistula is, when surgery might be needed, and how to feel reassured if the issue is straightforward.

What is an Anal Fistula?

A fistula is an abnormal canal that forms between the inside of the anus and the external skin surrounding it. This canal forms as a result of chronic inflammation, often starting with an abscess. When the abscess drains, the canal remains open, connecting the inside to the outside.

Symptoms You Might Experience:

• Continuous discharge from an opening next to the anus (pus or blood).

• Itching or irritation of the skin.

• Pain, especially with movement or sitting.

• Swelling or a small opening that drains pus or blood.

If you experience any of these symptoms repeatedly, it's highly likely you have an anal fistula.

Is There Treatment Without Surgery?

A logical question. The truth is, a fistula cannot be treated without a surgical procedure... but that doesn't mean the surgery is difficult. On the contrary, the procedure is very safe, especially if performed in a reliable facility.

When Is Surgery Necessary?

Surgery becomes essential in these cases:

1. Complex or deep fistula: If the canal passes through multiple areas or involves the muscles.

2. Chronic fistula: One that has persisted for months and caused recurrent inflammation or continuous discharge.

3. When the fistula tract is close to the anal sphincter muscles: This requires precise intervention.

4. If a fistula forms immediately after an abscess: Especially if the abscess was left undrained properly.

5. If laser treatment or modern methods fail: Some cases do not respond to anything other than traditional or advanced surgery.

Types of Surgeries:

• Fistulotomy: Suitable for superficial fistulas.

• Muscle-preserving techniques (like LIFT): To preserve the sphincter muscle.

• Laser (FiLaC): An advanced option for some cases, with less pain and faster recovery.

• Use of special sutures or biological plugs: In specific cases to reduce complications.

Each case differs, and the surgeon decides based on the fistula's location and depth.

Why Is Early Action Important?

The sooner you start treatment, the better the options. Some people delay due to fear or embarrassment, which can complicate the condition.

Therefore, it's important to see a specialist if symptoms like discharge or persistent pain around the anus appear.

Important Advice from the Clinic:

• Don't get used to discharge; it's not normal.

• Creams and painkillers are not a cure for a fistula.

• Accurate diagnosis is the first correct step.

• At Hemocure, we offer the latest pain-free treatment techniques without traditional surgery when the condition allows.

• Surgery is not the end of the world, especially when performed using the latest methods that preserve comfort and quality of life.

Article Summary:

An anal fistula is a chronic condition that requires precise treatment, and sometimes surgical intervention, especially in complex cases or those that don't respond to simple methods. Surgery can be the optimal solution for cases that do not respond to other treatments, offering very high cure rates with early diagnosis and intervention. The most important thing is not to delay and to consult a specialist doctor as soon as symptoms appear.