What are the Symptoms of an Anal Fistula? And How Can I Differentiate it from Hemorrhoids?

The sensitive area around the anus is one of the most common places to experience problems that affect comfort and quality of life. Among the most well-known of these problems are hemorrhoids and anal fistulas.

However, many people get them confused, which is natural because the symptoms can be very similar. In this article, we'll simply explain what an "anal fistula" is, what its symptoms are, and how to differentiate it from hemorrhoids.

First: What is an Anal Fistula?

An anal fistula is a small canal that forms between the end of the rectum or anal canal and the skin surface around the anus. It usually occurs due to an infection or an abscess that wasn't treated correctly, leading to an internal and external opening, as if the body created an abnormal passage to drain pus.

What are the Symptoms of an Anal Fistula?

The symptoms are clear and distinct, and include:

• Continuous or recurrent discharge from an opening near the anus, which is one of the most important signs. This can be purulent discharge or light bloody discharge.

• Itching or skin irritation in the area around the anus.

• Chronic or recurrent pain, especially when sitting or during bowel movements.

• Slight swelling in the area.

• Sometimes there's a fever if there are recurrent infections.

Over time, the fistula can enlarge or branch out, and start to significantly affect the patient's daily life.

So, What's the Difference Between it and Hemorrhoids?

Here's an important question: How do I differentiate between a fistula and hemorrhoids?

Let's simplify it a bit:

Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels inside or around the anus. There are internal and external types.

Symptoms of Hemorrhoids:

• Bleeding during bowel movements (light red blood spots).

• Pain or a burning sensation.

• Presence of a mass or external protrusion after bowel movements.

• Sometimes itching or slight swelling.

Anal Fistula

• Discharge of pus or fluid from an opening near the anus (it can be obvious or very small).

• Pain increases with prolonged sitting.

• Usually no blood like with hemorrhoids, but there might be inflammation and pus.

• A fistula is not related to defecation itself; instead, the discharge occurs randomly or continuously.

So... How Do I Confirm?

Only a doctor can differentiate between them through a clinical examination, and sometimes with an ultrasound or imaging tests. That's why if you feel any of these symptoms, you must go to a specialized clinic.

Is an Anal Fistula Dangerous?

A fistula is not dangerous in its early stages, but it can develop and become complex (multi-tract) if treatment is delayed. It can also affect the anal sphincter muscles if left untreated for a long time.

How Is It Treated?

Traditional Treatment

In the past, fistulas were surgically opened, which required a long recovery period and could cause complications.

Laser Treatment

Currently, in specialized centers like Hemocure, treatment is performed using laser technology (such as FILAC), which offers:

• Faster recovery.

• Reduced pain after the procedure.

• Preservation of the muscle and no impact on continence.

Conclusion:

If you notice discharge, chronic pain, or an opening next to the anus, you might have an anal fistula. Hemorrhoids appear as bleeding, pain, or protrusion, which slightly differentiates them.

However, the truth we must know is: self-diagnosis is not advisable.

The first indicator that you feel a change or pain in the area... you should immediately consult a specialized doctor.

Advice from Hemocure

"Don't ignore any pain or abnormal discharge... because the sooner you get a diagnosis, the faster and easier your chances of treatment will be."

Article Summary

An anal fistula is an abnormal channel that forms between the anal canal and the external skin, often resulting from an infection or abscess. Its most prominent symptoms include discharge of fluid or pus and pain while sitting. Hemorrhoids, on the other hand, are swollen blood vessels characterized by bleeding or itching. The difference between the two conditions lies in the type of symptoms, and a specialized doctor should be consulted for a correct diagnosis. Modern techniques like laser are now available to treat fistulas safely and effectively, reducing recovery time and potential complications. Early consultation with a doctor is key to avoiding any undesirable developments.